The Challenge :: Education School Teaching Learning Essays

The ChallengeThe SCANS report challenged schools, parents, and businesses to help all students develop competencies in the basic skills, cerebration skills, and personal qualities required for work in the current and future workplace. It identified five broad categories of competencies that would lead to successful transition from school to work (SCANS 1991)- Resources-Identifies, organizes, plans, and allocates resources - Interpersonal-Works with others on teams, teaches others, serves clients, exercises leadership, negotiates, and works with diversity - Information-Acquires, organizes, interprets, evaluates, and communicates information - Systems-Understands complex interrelationships and can distinguish trends, predict impacts, as well as monitor and correct performance - Technology-Works with a mannikin of technical schoolnologies and can choose appropriate tool for taskThe SCANS report recommended that these competencies be learned in context in the environment in which they will be applied. Thus, the need for collaboration between schools and employers became apparent, as did the need for educational reform. Guided by these factors, vocational-technical programs have been redesigned and efforts much(prenominal) as tech cookery have been initiated to respond to the SCANS challenge.State and Local EffortsSince 1991, many educational efforts have been initiated to incorporate the SCANS skills in the vocational-technical curricula of both secondary and postsecondary institutions. The Division of Vocational didactics in the Idaho Department of Education, for example, authentic a curriculum framework for the states vocational-technical programs to address the training needs of employers and students. This framework, developed by industry and education personnel, encompassed the goals outlined in the SCANS report (Idaho Department of Education 1994).Tech prep programs in many states have been developed around the SCANS competencies. The Texas Educat ion Agency and the University of Texas at Austin developed a model that incorporates tech prep components and SCANS competencies into their health science technology education program (McCarty et al. 1994). As part of their tech prep project, 91 Indiana secondary and postsecondary educators developed 50 application-based lessons during the 1993-1994 school year. Modeled around the SCANS competencies, these lessons are designed to bridge the gap students encounter when moving from school to work, focusing on long- and short-term project topics such as creating a videotape (Indiana Region 10 Tech Prep Consortium 1994).Most tech prep efforts incorporate recommendations presented in the SCANS report. For example, tech prep in Ohio is characterized by six benchmarks that focus on SCANS competencies (Ohio Department of Education 1993)- Tech prep programs will demonstrate systemic change at both the secondary and

Sichuan, China: An Earthquake that Brought Together Local, National, an

The Sichuan province in mainland china has had a long history of seismic activity. On May 12th, 2008 the village of Wenchuan County located in Sichuan province was struck by an 8.0 magnitude earthquake. According to the State Council Information Office, the causalities from this disaster were approximately 70,000, with approximately 10,000 confirmed to have been school children, whose deaths resulted from 7,000 collapsed classrooms and 18,000 more individuals, were describe missing (Teets, 330). The earthquake which struck Wenchuan County resulted in bringing together relief efforts from local, national, and world(prenominal) communities. A few examples are Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs), Volunteer crews, Military efforts, Sichuan airlines, Red-Cross and many donations from international communities. These relief efforts, a result of strong government communication also, led to strengthening the devastated village and the nation of China. The involvement in recovery efforts strengthens civil purchase orders individual capacity through mass networks of volunteers and donors, learning new skills in project management, and demonstrating to the government potentially positive roles the community can do. backing efforts by groups help to build trust and connect potential volunteers and donors on behalf of foreign governing institutions. This essay aims to discuss these efforts in greater detail and append numerous examples of successful recovery projects in Sichuan province. The earthquake which devastated Wenchuan County was a result of stress built up between the colliding Indian carapace and Eurasian plate tectonics. This disaster left more than 4.8 million residents homeless in this village, ironically the 2008 Beijing Summ... ...struction efforts the emergence of civil society in China?. The China quarterly 198 (2009) 330-347.Via, Andrs, et al. Effects Of Natural Disasters On Conservation Policies The Case Of The 2008 Wenchuan Earthqua ke, China. AMBIO - A Journal Of The Human Environment 40.3 (2011) 274-284. Academic Search Complete. Web. 31 Mar. 2014.Ying, Liang, and Wang Xiukun. Developing A New Perspective To Study The Health Of Survivors Of Sichuan Earthquakes In China A Study On The Effect Of Post-Earthquake Rescue Policies On Survivors Health-Related Quality Of Life. Health look Policy & Systems 11.1 (2013) 1-21. Academic Search Complete. Web. 31 Mar. 2014Zhang, Xia, et al. The NHV rehabilitation services program improves long-term physical functioning in survivors of the 2008 Sichuan earthquake a longitudinal similar experiment. PloS one 8.1 (2013) e53995.

Juvenile Crime and Socio Economic Factors Essay -- Crime

Crime at either age and in any form is a social problem and should be stopped or curbed at any cost. Crime at a juvenile age is on one hand a crime against property and life, and on the other a crime against humanity. It is a much graver social danger that holds the reference of an evident social disaster implanted into it. Criminologists hold different views regarding the root of juvenile crime and that often leads into quite the argument. Irrespective of those theoretical head on collisions, the presence of socio economic factors behind each juvenile crime committed is almost accepted by all. No one is a born poisonous and it is evident that the surrounding socio economic environment acts as an important element and a catalyst in turning a young boy or girl into a criminal who might be breaking into some ones house or threatening someone at gasoline point. In the following paragraphs, a detailed analysis has been made to explore the different avenues through which these socio e conomic factors contribute to creating the delinquents of todays youth.Before despicable into the details, it is worth mentioning that the following analysis would be based on a set of socio economic indicators that is made up of family, socio-economic class and factors that also includes community factors, educational background, urbanization, media, and influence of peers.Family Being a juvenile is the most influential period of human life, and family plays the most critical role in this stage. A family with a flushed atmosphere cultivate the socially acceptable norms within the children that help them to grow into responsible, respectable and moral beings in the end. In sharp contrast, a family that is subject to an membranous environment and does not provide en... ...he absorption of those juveniles into our society like any other normal child of our own. Remember the old adage, It takes a village to exalt a child. Works CitedJuvenile Delinquency t heories of causation, Sage Pub, 2005 http//www.sagepub.com/upm-data/4880_Martin_Chapter_3_Juvenile_Delinquency.pdfChapter 7. Juvenile Delinquency, World Youth Report, United Nations, 2003. http//www.un.org/esa/socdev/unyin/documents/ch07.pdfShader, Michael. Risk Factors for Delinquency An Overview, US Department of Justice, view of justice programs. http//www.ncjrs.gov/pdffiles1/ojjdp/frd030127.pdfSocial structure theories, n.d. http//cstl-hhs.semo.edu/cveneziano/STRUC.pptZarka, Heather, Sociological theories of crime, Associated content, 2007. http//www.associatedcontent.com/article/227143/sociological_theories_of_crime.html

Differences and Similarities of Short Stories :: The Withered Arm The Red Room Essays

Differences and Similarities of Short StoriesIn this essay I will be comparing the differences and similarities offour short stories I have read, , The Signalman, The Red Room, TheMan with the Twisted Lip and The Withered Arm also I will belooking at how the writers have created an atmosphere.The four stories atomic number 18 all of mystery and try to keep the ratifier grippeduntil the end, all have areas in which there is scruple. In TheSignalman Charles Dickens keeps the reader in suspense because whenthe ghost visits the signal man you dont really know who the hauntingwarning is for. In The Red Room H.G. Wells keeps the reader insuspense because when the ghost is sighted it is never reallydescribed. In The Man with the Twisted Lip Arthur Conan Doyle keepsthe reader in suspense by not actually telling if it is a murder onjust disappearance. Also in The Withered Arm Thomas Hardy keeps thereader in suspense because you find out who Gertrude catches the rashfrom. from each one writ er had a setting and different historical background TheSignal Man was pen in 1866 by Charles Dickens, the surroundingsfor his story was an old rail agency spot with old steam trains. TheMan with the Twisted Lip written by Sir Arthur Conan Doyle waswritten in 1860. This story was one of many Sherlock Holmes taleswhich display aspects of life in the last decade of Victorians reign.The Red Room by H.G Wells was a Gothic horror story, which hadtraditional scenery at a castle (Loraine castle). The Red Room waswritten in 1894, H.G Wells makes it obvious how ancient and oldfashioned everything in the castle was. The Withered Arm by ThomasHardy was written in 1865 and rigid in Wessex, around Dorchesterwhich Thomas Hardy calls Caster bridge the county town of Dorset wheremost of his stories were set.The Signalman by Charles Dickens was set at an old rail way station,with steam trains. The idea of a signal box in the countryside andbeing manually operated, gives a sense of historical back ground fortodays readers.The Man with the Twisted Lip by Sir Arthur Conan Doyle was set inthe streets of East London. A few years before the story was written afamous sequential killer Jack the Ripper murdered bulk on the verysame streets where the story was based on in the story it saidAn endless succession of sombre and deserted streets.This gives the effect that the streets are frightening and vicious.The Red Room by H.G Wells is a Gothic Horror story set in a

Moll Flanders by Daniel Defoe :: Moll Flanders Daniel Defoe Essays

gun moll Flanders by Daniel DefoeThree recurring themes in moll Flanders by Daniel Defoe are greed, vanity,and repentance. Theme is defined as an underlying or essential subject ofartistic representation. These three themes play an important role in thedevelopment of the story of moll Flanders.The first theme, greed, is shown in Molls acts of prostitution. Mollturns to thievery in many instances to support herself. She also allows hermorals to disintegrate a outcome of her greediness.Molls first act of prostitution is thrust upon her unknowingly. In thebeginning of the story, she is living with a gentle woman and her family. Oneof the brothers takes interest in Moll and seduces her into fitting his lover.He took these freedoms with me when this was over he stayed but a little while,but he put almost a happenful of gold in my hand (Defoe 26). Moll lets down herguard and meets with the brother frequently. so putting the purse into mybosom, I made no more resistance to him, but le t him do just what he pleased andas often as he pleased (Defoe 30). Later in the story, Moll becomesacquainted with a woman who persuades Moll to work for her as a prostitute.Even though Moll is now married, she agrees to sell her body for profit. Ifound presently that whether I was a cyprian or a wife, I was to pass for a whorehere (Defoe 144). Molls acts of prostitution show that she will carry outillegal practices in pronounce to get money.Molls many instances involving thievery also express the theme of greed.At the end of the story, Moll gives her son a stolen watch. I stole it froma gentlewomans slope at a meeting house in London (Defoe 297). Moll says thisis the only thing of value she has to give him. One Christmas Day Molldiscovers an unheeded silversmiths shop. I went boldly in and was justgoing to lay my hand upon a piece of plate, and might have done it and carriedit clear off (Defoe 238). Moll resists the temptation to steal because anearby shopkeeper rushes over a fter having seen her enter the empty store.While Moll is living with the old governess she has some serving swindling a man ata gaming-house who seems to be of more than ordinary fashion (Defoe 230).Moll wins him some money and secretly keeps a part for herself each(prenominal) time. hedivided it with me, and I brought away 30 (sic) guineas besides about forty-

Moll Flanders by Daniel Defoe :: Moll Flanders Daniel Defoe Essays

gun moll Flanders by Daniel DefoeThree recurring themes in Moll Flanders by Daniel Defoe are greed, vanity,and repentance. Theme is defined as an underlying or essential subject ofartistic representation. These three themes play an important role in the study of the story of Moll Flanders.The premier theme, greed, is shown in Molls acts of prostitution. Mollturns to thievery in many instances to support herself. She also allows hermorals to disintegrate a result of her greediness.Molls first act of prostitution is thrust upon her unknowingly. In thebeginning of the story, she is living with a gentle woman and her family. Oneof the brothers takes interest in Moll and seduces her into becoming his lover.He took these freedoms with me when this was over he stayed but a little while,but he put almost a handful of gold in my hand (Defoe 26). Moll lets down herguard and meets with the brother frequently. so putting the purse into mybosom, I made no more resistance to him, but let him do further what he pleased andas often as he pleased (Defoe 30). Later in the story, Moll becomesacquainted with a woman who persuades Moll to toy for her as a prostitute.Even though Moll is now married, she agrees to sell her body for profit. Ifound presently that whether I was a whore or a wife, I was to pass for a whorehere (Defoe 144). Molls acts of prostitution show that she will carry outillegal practices in order to appropriate money.Molls many instances involving thievery also express the theme of greed.At the end of the story, Moll gives her son a stolen watch. I stole it froma gentlewomans side at a meeting house in London (Defoe 297). Moll says thisis the only thing of value she has to give him. One Christmas Day Molldiscovers an unattended silversmiths shop. I went boldly in and was justgoing to lay my hand upon a piece of plate, and might have done it and carriedit clear off (Defoe 238). Moll resists the enticement to steal because anearby shopkeeper rushes over after having seen her enter the empty store.While Moll is living with the old governess she has some luck swindling a man ata gaming-house who seems to be of more than ordinary fashion (Defoe 230).Moll wins him some money and secretly keeps a part for herself each time. hedivided it with me, and I brought away 30 (sic) guineas besides about forty-

Differentiation & Education Essay

A few decades ago the world of statement was very exercised by the forerunner of specialty which was called conglomerate ability t to each oneing. then(prenominal) people began to realise it was not just ability that could be mixed and that teachers had to cope with a plethora of dissimilitudes learning style, age, motivation, prior learning and experience, gender, specific learning difficulties such as dyslexia, and so on. Consequently the term mixed ability began to be replaced by the less vivid term note. But what does differentiation mean exactly? specialty is an approach to teaching that attempts to ensure that all students learn well, notwithstanding their umteen digressions. Catch phrases which go somewhat mood to capturing this concept include contend with differences.Learning for all orSuccess for all.There atomic number 18 a number of common misconceptions about differentiation. Some believe that it is something added on to normal teaching and that it just requ ires a few discrete extra activities in the lesson. In fact, differentiation permeates everything a good teacher does and it is often im manageable to point to a discrete event that achieves it.It is not what is done often, but the way it is done that acheives differentiation. For this reason differentiation may not show up on a lesson plan or in the Scheme of Work. However some teachers try to show their intentions to differentiate by setting objectives in the following formatAll must.Some mayA few great powerThis may help novice teachers to think about the diversity of their bookmans, but having such objectives does not guarantee differentiation. It is the strategies, not the objectives that achieve differentiation, and this shouldbe the focus of our interests. preeminence is not new, good teachers have always done it. However, it does chime with a new conception of the teachers role. Once we teachers taught courses, subjects and classes. But no more(prenominal). at one time we are teaching individuals. Once education was a sieve. The weaker students were seived out and they left the classroom for the world of exit, while the able students were retained for the next level.Drop outs were aforethought(ip) for, and seen not just as inevitable but as desirable. Put bluntly, the aim was to discover those who could not cope, and get rid of them.But now education is a ladder, and we expect every learner to climb as fast and as high as they are able. Drop outs are seen as a wasted opportunity, for the learners, and for society as a whole.Underpinning these conceptions of education as being a sieve or a ladder, are assumptions about the capability of learners and the personality of learning. Once learners were thought to have a genetic disposition for learning, or not, which was measured by their IQ. This placed an upper limit on their possible achievement. Some students were thought to reach their ceiling after which save teaching would be in vain.This is no longer thought to be the boldness. Experts on the superstar and on learning now stress that everyone can learn more, if they are taught appropriately, whatever they have previously acheived. A vivid paraplegicustration of this is provided by the work of Professor Reuven Feuerstien.He teaches learners with what we call moderate learning difficulties, using a very special and unusual programme involving intensive work for one bit a day every day. Four years later these learners have caught up and are found to have an average IQ. They can live independent lives, learn normally, and are indistinguishable from average members of their societies.*Needless to say, remnants of the ceiling model of learning can still be found in many teachers conceptions of teaching and learning. These ideas need to be tackled. Luckily in most colleges examples can be found ofstudents who entered the college on a level 1 programme, and progressed well, eventually go away for university.These are persua sive role models for other learners and for teachers. Teachers can make much greater differences than they themselves realise, and we are only just beginning to scratch the surface of what is possible.(((Box)))For more information on Professor Feuersteins methodsVisit the website of The International Center for the Enhancement of Learning Potential http//www.icelp.org/*Howard Sharron 1996 Changing Childrens Minds Feuersteins revolution in the teaching of intelligence 3rd Ed Imaginative Minds 27 Grederick Street Hockley Birmingham B1 3HHAdey P. and Shayer M. (1994) Really Raising Standards cognitive intervention and academic achievement Routledge (((End of Box)))If every learner achieves at their maximum rate this has huge consequences for their own lives, but also for society at large. Social inclusiveness, welfare to work, and the reduction of crime, drug abuse, and even ill health all require an educated citizenship and workforce. Many of the ills in our time have a remedy in the classroom. But differentiation has economic consequences beyond that of ensuring that citizens can provide for themselves through work.Economists stress that the market is now global, and that an industrialised nation like ours cannot compete on the basis of low wages, only on the basis of the skill, knowledge, and adaptability of our workforce. Industrialists have long known that a better educated workforce is much more trainable, and so can adapt to the rapid limiting now facing most places of work.The Economist, a journal not noted for valuing the public services, once dedicated a whole issue to education, making the case that economies were highly dependent on skills and knowledge, and that the big global economies were now competing for their futures in their classrooms.Differentiation has a lot to offer individuals, society and the economy, so its price getting it right.Introducing differentiationBackgroundThese activities allow you to explore what is meant by differentiation and consider some of the barriers to achieving it. Three activities are given below. These are alternatives, so gratify choose the most suitable for the participants you will train.The first two assume some knowledge of differentiation and to factors that might prevent it taking place. The third action at law assumes no knowledge of the subject.Activity Snowballing a definition of differentiation.AimsTo explore individual and stem understanding of differentiation To identify perceived blockages which may hinder differentiation in practice To identify catalysts which may stimulate differentiation in practice.ResourcesFlip graph/s, post-it notes, standard pens and flip chart pens, OHP.OrganisationThe first head is organised as a snowball exercise commencing with each participant writing a personal definition of differentiation on a post-it note. Participants twin up and combine/ revise their definitions .Two pairs then combine /revise their definitions and so on to a maximum of 8 in a group. each group then writes their definition on a flip chart.The definitions can then be compared and discussed with mediation from the facilitator. The facilitator may wish to show some academic definitions (see the box) for further give-and-take/ clarification. Teachers often produce a more useful definition that those in the box.Individual definitions of differentiation (3 mins)Pairs merge / develop definitions (5 mins)Pairs get together into groups of 4 or more and again merge / develop a common definition and write this on flip chart for discussion (10 mins)Facilitator led discussion (15 mins)The next exercise, obstacles to differentiation follows on from this activity very well.(((Box)))Some definitions for Differentiation.Teachers often come up with clearer and more useful definitions that theseDifferentiation is.. the process of identifying, with each learner, the most effective strategies for achieving agreed targets.1(Weston 1992)Differentiation is the process whereby teachers meet the need for progress through he curriculum by selecting appropriate teaching methods to fight the individual students learning strategies, within a group situation.(Visser 1993)Differentiation should be seen as integral to learning, not an add-on for those situations when things do not go as well as planned and problems occur. Differentiation is not about troubleshooting. It is a concept that has to be seen in an inclusive way, applying to everyone.Obstacles to DifferentiationThis follows on well from the previous activity, but can also stand alone, and requires each of the working groups to identify up to 3 major obstacles which could prevent differentiation in practice. You may want to ask them to identify one obstacle at each of the following levels in College InstitutionalSystemsOperationalEach obstacle is written on a flip chart sheet with ample space for further comments . The groups, or the flip chart sheets, then rotate in a round robin. Each group no w has another groups list of obstacles and the task is to find solutions or catalysts to overcome these obstacles.The facilitator should then summarise the findings.a. Each working group identifies and writes on their flip chart up to 3 major obstacles in making differentiation happen in FE ( 5 mins)b. Groups rotate and try to identify solutions / catalysts to overcome the obstacles identified by the other group/s ( 10 mins)c. Groups move on to next flip chart and try to add to solutions / catalysts identified by the previous group ( 5 mins)d. Facilitator- led discussion and summary (10 mins)NoteThis session may serve as a barometer to measure attitudes and understanding. It may identify some key organisational issues which need to be addressed in order to promote differentiation in practice.How do you cope with difference?AimsTo develop an understanding of differentiationTo share common differentiation difficultiesTo share effective differentiation strategiesOrganisationThe facilit ator introduces the activity by describing mixed ability teaching, and then pointing out that it is not just ability that can be mixed. They establish that there are many differences between our students that affect their learning and so should affect our teaching. The term differentiation is explained as meaning to cope with such differences.Stage 1 Pairs exploring the meaning of differentiation? (approx 10 mintutes) In pairs, participants brainstorm the differences between students that they must cope with. Mixed ability is given as one to start them off. They are given two minutes.Then the facilitator goes round from pair to pair, getting one idea from each until most ideas have been presented. There is a very short discussion of any difference the facilitator believes everyone might not understand. The importance of some ideas is stressed by the facilitator and extra explanation added if necessary. The facilitator concludes by saying that differentiation is about coping with the se and other differences. Coping with difference could be a quick definition for discussion.Task 2 Small groups sharing differentiation strategies(20 minutes) In groups of 3-5 participants share ways of coping with the differences defined in task 1 by telling their group one or two strategies that they have found to work.The facilitator takes one suggestion at a time from each group, gives it a name if necessary, and writes it on a flip chart or OHP. They go round the groups until most suggestions have been heard. There is a very short discussion of each method if it is necessary to ensure that everyone understands it. The facilitator can offer to type up this list of strategies. The facilitator concludes that differentiation iscoping with differencesomething we have always done,important if all learners are to benefit from our teachingcan make the difference between passing and failing for many students, and so is the ladder to success for all. if a student passes because of effect ive differentiation, that will make a real difference to that students life. They might get a job, a career, indeed a life they would not have got otherwise. Teachers touch lives for ever Teachers have important jobs and differentiation countsTutor notesYou might like to do this before you pass out the packs of materials to prevent staff reading out strategies from the pack It is important to value the ideas in a very positive mood if they could be effective in some context If most teachers come from a similar curriculum area there would be some virtue in typing up their suggestions.

A Child of Sorrow Essay

It is such a very wonderful love story that tickles your bones and tells you that it is a nice feeling to be in love. Though, its claim suggests its tragic ending, but still I on my part like the simple yet elegant story crafted in this novel by Zoilo Galang. Considering the situation that this is the first Philippine novel written in English, it follows suit that it lacks sophistication. The characterization, plot and setting of the said novel are simple. However, behind this simplicity, it is still a slap-up try and a nice start for the future of novels being the youngest literary genre in the Philippines. The story is very well sequenced. It refrains the use of flashbacks as realizable in order to avoid baffling the minds of the readers. Thus, somewhere in the part of the novel, we could somehow surmise and predict the flow of events, which is very typical to a Filipino author. Each chapter has its own theme developed and united in one thought.With regards to characterization , Galang made it by having memorable characters as Rosa and Julio. They are very run-of-the-mill characters but their love story is unique. I could somehow identify myself with Julio. Like him, I am living in illusion with reading too many books. Sometimes I detached from reality as I try to imagine things which are very fiction in nature. The story of the novel revolves near love as its theme. Love is such a very powerful feeling that could not be prevented by anything else. But inasmuch as love is a feeling, it also demands sacrifice. True love is tested by trials that come along in a relationship. It may come in the form of a one-third part, rumors and etc.Our cherished lovers in the novel also encountered such things. It is also stressed that inspiration brings change. When we are inspired brought about by being in love, we could have the zest to do things better and could change for the best that we can be. Failures in heart must not be considered curses. Failures are somet imes blessings in disguise. If we only have the proper attitude towards life, thus counting the trials that come along our way as another challenge for us to grow, then life is worth living. The novel teaches us a lot of things. It teaches us the reality in life that we fall in love even in an unthought time. Love buds everywhere and no one is exempted to fall in love. As long as we live, it is inevitable for us to fall in love.

My Time in the Rainforest

Today was very productive day. I saw m whatsoever things that I have never seen to begin with in the Amazon rainforest. It is located in South America and is hugely populated with many different species. It is vast, covering an area of 2,5 million square miles, and we havent eventide got one eight yet. Amazon river is one of the reasons the forest is so tremendously populated. It flows for more than 4,000 miles to discharge its waters in the Atlantic Ocean near Belem, Brazil. on the way, about 1,100 tributaries latch on. One of the most seen birds was the Toucan. It was bigger then I thought it would be.Our guide told us that ten million species of plants, animals and insects live in the tropic forest. As it became dark, we stayed in the undergrowth of the forest where the tree could shade use from the hot sun we were expecting in the morning. The floor of the rain forest was sticky and blotto from the rain that had fallen earlier this morning. It was hard to relax because of th e weird weather. I could see a rainbow in the sky through the gaps between the canvas of leaves.As I got up, a spider monkey jumped down from the canopy and tried to grab the fruit we picked. We made a quick dash towards a large tree trunk that had fallen. Thousands of small insects scattered as we approached it. We made a fireplace here to cook the raw meat we had brought. We fetched water from the Amazon river which was catamenia near to camp and put in tablets to clean it. As we filled our bottles, piranhas swam towards our hands in the water. The Amazon river was a very dangerous place.Day 2 24.09.10We woke up at dawn when most of the animals would be sleeping. We saw an anaconda slither by. It was 21 feet long and I saw it choke a colossus Anteater. We were far away and the snake didnt spot us. A pack of squirrel monkeys passed us and we carried on through. It was getting cooler and there were less animals wandering about. More sulphurous animals started to appear, such as the poison dart frog. Our guide told us it is very small in size, but poisonous enough as to kill up to 100 people.It has the most powerful poison known by man, but harmless if left alone. Amazon Indians hunt using its poison in the whirl of their arrows.Day 3 25.09.10We were heading towards Manaus, the weather in tropical areas have equatorial climate, found approximately 5 degrees to the North and South of the equator. Like any other tropical rainforest, its hot and humid throughout the year, with an average annual temperature of 27C

Laptops in the Classroom Essay

The article Laptops in the Classroom? No Problem by Elena Choy is started with a slap-up quote that makes the proofreaders think about their instructor . A teacher is someone who never says anything once (106). Choy puts up an argument about whether or not laptop computer computers should be banned in the levelroom. She also made it known that some professors may need to reevaluate their teaching techniques. Most professors feel that laptops in class today have become a huge distraction in the learning environment. Some students choose to use their laptop for other reasons other than victorious notes.Students who choose to play games during class are obviously bored with the material or the teacher. This is becoming a problem in many classrooms today. Choys views on students with laptops do not have an effect on her teaching, and other professors should not let it distract them from doing their job. First, Choy really tries to see both sides of the story in this investuation. S he came up with some points on what closely professors think about the subject. There were top four reasons for inhibition laptops in classrooms due to Choys research and experience.Choys reasons were (1) the raise lids of laptops distract the instructor, and they often prevent the instructor from making eye contact with the students(2) laptops distract other students, who cannot help but see what is on the screens-for example Facebook and twitter(3) students who use laptops to take notes, take overly extensive notes, which means that they are doing stenography and are not really focused and thinking about what is expiry on in the classroom (4) most students are so busy fetching notes on their laptop do not participate in any(prenominal) discussion there may be in the course (106). Choy has made it clear that in her class, there are only a select hardly a(prenominal) who use laptops. She feels that if the students choose to take notes on their laptops and play games, then tha t is their choice. Choys does her job, she feels it is up to the student to pay attention and learn. Different students have different shipway of learning. Based on Choys knowledge, she thinks that students take notes the best way they can. Some prefer to take shorthanded notes, while others prefer long detailed notes. Choy provided reasons and supporting knowledge to get both parties points across. Last, Laptops in the Classroom?No problem is an essay that many professors around the globe can relate to. She makes the reader think about the situation from both sides. There were things that she give tongue to that most readers could really relate to. In some of my classes, most instructors say that they prefer students with laptops to sit in the back of the class or not have them at all. However, some students feel that teachers should not make students sit in the back on the dot because of their note taking methods. Choy made a point about the teacher needs to stop worrying so m uch about the students laptop and focus on their lecture.Although, some teachers think that banning laptops will help the classrooms atmosphere, it might do the opposite. Laptops are being perceive as distractions in the classrooms, when they have actually become helpful to some students. Choy has provided information to show both sides of the arguments. She did an excellent job on not taking one side. Choy thought that many professors should ask a hard question If students in my courses are using laptops for purposes unrelated to the course, what am I doing wrong?Choy said that teachers should just do the jobs that they are being paid to do which is teach. Students are there to learn and it is up to them to do it. So if the laptops are banned, students will most likely have another form of entertainment in class, such as a cell phone or an Ipod. This argument over banning laptops can easily be solved by students and teachers playing their parts. Work Cited Choy, Elena. Laptops in the Classroom? No Problem. The Little, Brown Reader 2008. 106.

Parol Evidence Rule

INTRODUCTION * Parol evidence rule is rule of evidence which states that oral evidence is not regarded by the chat ups to contradict, vary, and add or reduce the status of slew that already finished by parties. The purpose is to make it certain. * The rationale of this rule is that when the parties take trouble to decrease to writing the concord terms of their contractual understandings, it was thought that the written contract will contain all relevant matters, and other aspects that not included of the written contract agreements should not be taken into account. Parol evidence rule occurs when all contracts is in writing. Oral evidence cannot be accepted by the courts to contradict, vary, and add or reduce the term that already finished by the parties. * However, there ar exceptions to parol evidence rule. BODY * 7 exception to the parol evidence rule 1. Exception is that custom or good deal usage were allowed by court and it is part of the contract although it is not inclu ded in express terms to annex incidents to written contracts in matters with respect to which they are silent.This applies in commercial transaction. Case Hutton v Warren 2. Exception was about the delay operation contract made by an oral agreement to wait until an event occurs or known as condition precedent, where it was a condition that usually included in the contract to be fulfilled forrader the contract becomes operative. Case Pym v Campbell 3. Exception was to confirm that the contract was not the whole contract. Case Van den Esschert v Chappell 4.Exception was when the language of the written contract was ambiguous, that made the agreement looked incomplete of explanation Case Rankin v Scott Fell & Co (1904) 5. Exception was when there was an obvious mistake in the contract, then the court may fix the contract in certain situations because the terms of the written contract may not actually stated what the parties have been resolved. Case MacDonald v Shinko Australia Pty Lt d 6. Exception was applied when the identify of one party was unknown. Case Giliberto v Kenny 7.Exception was Collateral Contract as known as subsidiary contract, which is separated from the principal(prenominal) contract, used to avoid the Parol Evidence Rule and accepted the validity of oral promises that have been made during the negotiations that can add to or vary the terms in the original contract. Cases De Lassalle v Guildford Hoyts Pty Ltd v Spencer J. J. Savage and Sons Pty Ltd v Blakney CONCLUSION * I agree with the statement that Australian court should not provide some(prenominal) solution for violation of any oral promises that were made during contract negotiations. * Parol evidence rule must be clear, fully integrated, and unambiguous.

1. Analysis of the Knowledge Management at Tcs Using the Knowledge Management Value Chain Model.

1. Analysis of the experience prudence at TCS using the knowledge management value chain model. * intimacy acquire -TCS has created communities of practices (CoPs) with an animator undecomposed in an area of knowledge to gather best practice on different area of ingeniousise using barter case documenting problem and solution. -Then TCS tried to capture technology, processes and case studies c every(prenominal)ed Process Asset Libraries. So their intent was more on capturing structure data in the commencement exercise wave. In the implementation of Ultimatix, TCS tried to use captures of intelligent technics or knowledge work system meaning knowledge tools like wizard, templates for software productivity improvement, knowledge facts of life modules and information on tools. *Knowledge storage -Business cases with solutions. For example on mainframe around 1500 task cases. -Process Asset library permit exchanges of around myriad documents on industry practices and 21000 run pr actices in six month during 2003. -Line of businesses, line of technology, and projectsTCS has disseminated knowledge by -Customizing for each are of practice/technology, customer and industries. -Creating an initial gentility program and a continuous agreeing program for experience employees based on role and competence definition. -Encouraging people to move and go outside TCS to learn and bring back knowledge. -Using information letter per expert area and tip of day are used. *Marketing knowledge -To create business related document. It loafer be retrieved by searching similar business case. -To innovate and decide with a tool c all in alled TIP and IdeaStorm.The IdeaStorm process is in three steps ane idea / question are submitted, people can brain storm on it and after vote. - respectable use up process to get direct access to experts TCS has non-homogeneous Portals which permit a uniform access to knowledge. It can be accessed through queries or using taxonomies created by CoPs. Tools and activities were used for managing tacit knowledge TCS has created communities of practices (CoPs) with an animator expert in an area of knowledge to gather best practice on different area of expertise using business case documenting problem and solution. -Just ask process to get direct access to experts Encouraging people to move and go outside TCS to learn and bring back knowledge. -Using information letter per expert area and tip of day are used. Tools and acticities used for managing explicit knowledge -Process Asset library permit exchanges of around 10000 documents on industry practices and 21000 services practices in six month during 2003. -To create business related document. It can be retrieved by searching similar business case. -To innovate and decide with a tool called TIP and IdeaStorm. The IdeaStorm process is in three steps one idea / question are submitted, people can brain storm on it and after vote. Then TCS tried to capture technology, processes and case studies called Process Asset Libraries. So their intent was more on capturing structure data in the introductory wave. -In the implementation of Ultimatix, TCS tried to use captures of intelligent technics or knowledge work system meaning knowledge tools like wizard, templates for software productivity improvement, knowledge training modules and information on tools LiveMeeting sessions during project for status meeting and after project lesson learned are recorded in the knowledge database 2.Some of the growth of knowledge management systems in TCS and how the sytems helped its business are listed as below KBASES AND GROUPWARE It is a knowledge repository in the corporate and branch servers accessible to all employees through the intranet. It contained broad(a) range of information regarding processes, line of technology and the line of business. The groupware was a body which automated various in house systems such as training and many an(prenominal) separate function s. CLOSELY KNITS COMMUNITIES OF PRACTICES ( tomentumS)Community of practices was a forum of organizational memory where teams all over the organization at different condemnations zones communicated and documented the best practices. act upon ASSET LIBRARIES (PALS) Process asset libraries was an information database related to technology, processes and case studies. These were made available to all development centers of TCS through the intranet. WEB-BASED ELECTRONIC KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT portal site (EKM) Knowledge was made globally available. The PAL library, and Kbases hosted on the intranet were merged with Ultimatix.Sub-portals of quality management system, software productivity improvement, training materials and tools information were shared and easily accessed via EKM. COP members widely shared and exchanges industry and service practices. INTEGRATED COMPETENCY AND LEARNING MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS (ICALMS) The system was deployed globally across all offices to promote a assimila tion of learning and growth in the organization. Employees could enhance their skills in many areas. KNOWMAX Developed using Microsoft sharepoint portal server. It supported more than 60 knowledge assets and was accessible via Ultimatix to all TCS associates.Any associate could contribute their knowledge and information for sharing with employees. 3. Some quislingism tools which are drive at TCS IBM same time client-server application on windowpane that provide real-time, unified communications and collaboration for enterprise. IBM quick place self-service for non-technical users to easily create a browser-accessible web-workspace to support a task, project. When TCS combine same time with quick place, it took easyly to exchange information on project, technlogy and preparation.Lotus domino collaboration tools can provide multiple service Thanks to use these tools, TCS can unprove collabaration among employees and collaboration of abroad and local office 4. Web 2. 0 tools help TC S to manage knowleadge and collaboration among it employees TCS used a wide variety of collaboration tools from taking on billhook architectural aspects to the usage of Web 2. 0 tools. TCSs development centers have had a special attention to its architecture so that they could be divided into modules of a mutual area each with its own garden in order for the employees to have informal conversations during their breaks.Naturally TCS could withal profit by the fact that many of those conversations were about their employees business problems. Propel sessions also brought together employees with similar interests so that they could balance their work and their life and hopefully integrate both as one. Aside from taking into delineate the employees personal life TCS also implemented another methods to share knowledge. By recording all of their meetings with LiveMeeting application TCS could arrange a team where all the members knew what was discussed.Knowledge could also be shared d irectly from their experts by Knowledge Transition sessions and a Tip of the Day mail system. This way knowledge could flow from their experts to their beginner workers who in fact need to learn in order perform better for TCS. The implementation of Project Infinity brought alongside VOIP and video conference tools. Using these tools all TCSs branches could communicate and collaborate in realtime keeping focus to the same objective. However Project Infinity also brought along other tools such as twinkling Messaging and a news broadcast system.Using these tools TCS could communicate in real time with all of TCSs offices in the world sharing data and knowledge other than using voice or video systems. TCS also used Web 2. 0 tools integrated in their own website such as a Just Ask system, a Blog Platform, TIP and MySite. As in one side The Just Ask system would directly be connected to TCSs business, on the other side The My site would be more related to ones personal life. 5. How do y ou think KM tools have changed some key operational processes at TCS, such as bidding for new projects, project development and implementation, customer service, and so on?TCS core business is to produce project in India to be delivered all around the world. TCS processes have been simplified and communication has been streamed with those KM tools. Three bricks are missing for a 100% effective knowledge sharing -The collaboration inside a document. For example, during an offering, it is frequent that many people are working on the same document. -The search engine technology. Having Teras of document emphasize the need to have a good search engine in order to find relevant document. -The document life-cycle would permit to exclude outdated document.

Relationships In A Time That This Novel Is Set Essay

How does Steinbeck present ideas of relationships in a while that this novel is set? Steinbeck portrays a world dominated by authoritative white males. It is the attitude of this social structure that permeate ranch society and those who come from outside these expectations are inferior. Of Mice and work force describes the plight of which women, disabled people, black people and people with mental difficulties endure and suffer simply because they do not fit into the ideal category which we take to whilst they interact with each other. Lennies brief interaction with Crooks reveals the complexity of racial prejudice during the ranch life. Like many of the men on the characters in the story, Crooks admits to world very lonely. This heres my room. Nobody got any right in here but me. When Lennie visits him in his room, Crooks turns him away, in hope that he will launch a point that if a black man cannot enter a white mans room then it is unacceptable for the reverse to occur.Howeve r, his zest for company ultimately wins out and he invites Lennie to sit with him. In addition, he conceivems very suspicious of any kindness he receives. The fact that he doubts Lennie existence kind to him refers to the strong racism on the ranch. Crooks is not sure how to react to Lennie and his instant reaction is for Lennie to leave. This outsider status causes him to lament his loneliness, but we can see the corrosive effects it has on him as he seems delighted in seeing loneliness in others. For example, he suggests that George is gone for good and it is not until Lennie threatens Crooks with somatogenic violence does he relent. We cannot blame Crooks. On the other hand, this evokes sympathy as the origins of his cruel behaviour are made evident. We can infer that he is wishful and lonely that he wants to see someone else hurt just like he is. Curley and his wife have an unstable marriage, lacking in respect, compassion and communication. Curley believes that his wife i s his possession and shows her off to the other men.Throughout the novel we see Curley asking the other men where his wife is and likewise we see Curleys wife sounding for him. This could be a metaphor that although they are together they are still lonely. Their relationship is pro-inflammatory as he manipulates and intimidates his wife. However, Curley seems very selfish and he did not seem to care for his wife. He used her for sex. Furthermore, the fact that she is referred to as Curleys wife suggests that women did not have an identity. Curley is too protective over his wife as he knew she flirted with the other men andCurley felt threatened, especially as she was the only woman on the ranch. There is not trust between them which is very unhealthy and not good. I consider she enjoyed flirting because she felt isolated and lonely. Most of the ranch hands looked down upon her and thought she was a slut. This was the typical attitude towards women during this time period.They wer e seen as possessions of their husband. At the end of the novel, Steinbeck said that when she died, she was released and discontent and the ache for attentions were all gone from her face. She was very pretty and simple, and her face was sweet. When she was alive, she was wearing a robe and no one knew her true identify, as there was no one there to understand or get to know the real her but now she is dead, and the mask is off she looks better Her reddened lips made her seem alive. Finally, in goal, she could find the peace and calm that evaded her when she was alive in the harsh society. Ironically, her corpise is praised more in death than she was life.We begin to question Steinbecks intentions in giving us an unsympathetic view of this women and in women in general. Whenever she expresses her loneliness they are followed by acts of manipulation or violence. He seems to characterise women as trouble and they are the downfall of man. She is the catalyst of the drama which links to that point also. I dont necessarily think that Steinbeck was sexist and is instead making a point about societys sexism. She is the only character without a name, and even Crooks- who at that time was a member of a even more hated social group and if she talks to anyone he gets mad.

“Chemistry” written by Graham Swift Essay

In the opening of the story, Graham speedy uses descritptive writing to give us a striking image of the pond, where he went with his grandfather and overprotect, The pond in our park was circular, exposed, perhaps fifty yards across. When the wind blew, the little waves travelled across it and slapped the paved edges like a minature sea. This helps the subscriber gain a much precise image in their head of the park where the bank clerk is, and it also helps make the story more interesting to read. The opening of the story is also par tout ensembleel to the end. The fibber in the story, goes butt to the pond at the end of the story, and again gives us good imagery exposition of it, Dead willow leaves floated on it. I found this interesting, because it makes the story cyclical, and whitethorn be a admonisher of the journey of growing up and of the acceptance You must accept it you cant get it back . It also convinces us to imagine that the bank clerk went back to the park, f or wishful thinking hoping that his grandfather would return and not wanting to left go of the past.When I first began reading the story, I believed that it was a female narrator. iodine of the reasonings for this is because it said, My grand spawn died suddenly on the whole I know is that I must have had her timbres. However, we be later on informed that the narrator is a ten year old son. We aware of this because his grow calls him her little patch and she also says, Hes sole(prenominal) ten, what can he know? . I find this super interesting in the story, because he appears to be highly mature, intelligent and formal. Although he is only ten historic period old, he uses complex words and sendences such(prenominal) as fundamentals of chemistry, haunches and reconciled them in interchangeable grief.However, he is cold blooded as he rarely describes how he is feeling and has never mentioned about being upset when his father and grandmother died. This is an unusual perspe ctive to use as he is so young, yet faced with traumatizing experiences, but I believe that the author has done this to highlight his acquitted and because he will have few prejudices. This means he will tell the story how it is, without changing it to suit what he believes or his own opinions. An representative of this, is when his father comes to see him. Although I believe that it is a dream, the narrator is convinced that his father came to see him That night father came to the bedroom. I knew it was him.At the beginning of the story, I find it interesting, that the author describes the boat journey, over the pond towards grandfather as trouble free. Then, all of a sudden the boat happens. I believe that the author purposely makes the boat sink when Ralph is out right hand introduced to the story, Then one day it must have been soon after mother met Ralph we watched the boat grow deeper and deeper in the water.This contrasts greatly with the boat journey on the pond befo re the male childs mother met Ralph, and poses questions in the readers mind that Ralph is going to stop the boys and grandfathers trouble free life. I believe that this is interesting because he is indirectly warning the readers that Ralph is going to make things worse, which is symbolic of the sinking boat. An example of Ralph qualification things worse later in the story, is during meal times. This is because since Ralphs appearance, the narrators mother would cook the things that only Ralph liked and forget to produce meals that grandfather was of. Thus resulting in arguments at meal times, when grandfather was sent out to his shed.Although the story is quite dull and morbid, the author uses humour, when the boy says, I wondered how Grandmother could be at the bottom of the Irish Sea and at the same time what Father was doing there. Again, this highlights his innocence and although it is humerous we are not laughing with him, but at his ignorance.In the story, there are many t ime shifts. many times the narrator goes back in time, to update and tell the reader of a previous event, such as the descents between his mother and grandfather before Ralph came along, and let offing why his mother and him came to live with his grandfather . This may be significant in the story because he preferred things in the past, compared to now.I find the relationship between the narrators mother and grandfather interesting. He refused to leave the house in which my grandmother had lived, and my parents refused to leave theirs, tells us that they are both arrogant and selfish and will not give in to their stubborness for one another. The narrator tells us that his mother is also hypocritical towards her father, no matter how neglectful and even hurtful she world power be to granddaddy herself, she wouldnt have forgiven aboutone elses hurting him. Also, she tries to punish her father by isolating him from them (as he was runing their meals) by saying do you want to take yours out to your shed?When he dies, her mother shows no remorse and did not cry. The narrator tells us that, it was as though she had this look of relief, as if she had recovered from an illness. The narrator does not say this, but we assume that the illness was her father. The boy believes that his mother is in love with Ralph, and would choose him over her father, If Ralph hurts Grandfather it means Im right he doesnt really care about mother at all but if mother is cruel to Grandfather it means she really loves Ralph. However, he also says She looked trapped and helpless, when Ralph and his mother were cuddling, which puts questions in our mind about their relationship and if she is truly happy.Within the story there are many recondite messages and meanings. There are many questions that remained unanswered too. An example of this is when the boys father came to visit him during the night. He says to him, It was her. She made a hole in the bottom of the boat, not big enough to notice, so it would sink so you and Grandfather would watch it sink. The boat sank like my plane . The questions that this poses in my mind are Did the boys mother kill her father? Did she kill the boys Grandfather? Is he looking for someone to infernal? Did she purposely sink his boat? I think it is ironic that his father visited him, on the night that his Grandfather had died. I believe the author did this purposely to add more mystery and confusion to the story.Another example which raises hints and questions to the reader is the cherry laurel bushes that were growing in their garden. He says, Only the cherry-laurel bushes were partly denuded for some reason Grandfather had been picking their leaves. Further on in the story, when the boy goes out to the shed, he begins question his Grandfather about the chemicals he had. Laurel water. Prussic acid. He smiled. Not for drinking. The smile may indicate to the reader that he is smiling to the boy through innocence telling h im to politely and informaly not to drink it, or he his smiling to himself, asthough he has something planned. Again, this poses more questions in my mind but it contradicts my believing that the boys mother killed the boys Grandfather, and because of this it adds more unanswered questions.Also in the story, I find interesting that the official verdict was suicide by swallowing prussic acid, which is an argument for his Grandafther commiting suicide (as he had some prussic acid in his shed), yet the boy is extremely cynical and believes his mother murdered her father. But all of the other things that should have been explained or confessed she never did explain, and I wanted to tell them about how suicide can be murder indicate this to us. His mother says to the boy, he wouldnt have lived much longer anyway which may inform the reader that she is assay to justify her actions (murder).Throughout the story is the theme of chemistry and how things are changed not made. His Gran dfathers job, before retirement, was gold-plating and now, in the shed in the garden, he carries out many experiments, I dont think Grandfather practised chemistry for any particular reason.The chemistry Grandfather experiments with and changes is a metaphor of what is happening in the home, People change too, dont they? His Grandfather replies with They change. But the segments dont change. This is telling the reader, that although people/elements can change and become something else, underneath it all they are still made of the same as they were before.

Analysis of the French Ambassadors

Holbeins piece of the French Ambassadors (23-11) depicts cardinal people standing in what seems to be an office or study. unrivaled man, the one on the left(a) seems to be a patron or round sort of a wealthy man. You faeces key out by the clothes he is wearing and how much more dignified he looks than from the man on his right. The landowner has a fancy coat lined with some sort of fur. He has on some jewelry, a necklace, hanging from his neck. In his right hand he seems to be holding some considerate of instrument showing he is an educated man.His present is rendered with more realism than his peer on the right. He to a fault seems to be bit more lively in spirit. The landowner is leaning upon a remit that is loaded with many other instruments for collecting data. These tools atomic number 18 symbols that these two men arent your ordinary popular folk, they are more like scholars and have curiosities about many different things in life as what was a main theme of the Rena issance. The globes on the display panels indicate an interest in astronomy and geology.It could also be a reference to Nicholas Copernicus a Renaissance astronomer who was the first to theorize that the earth wasnt the shopping center of the universe. Other instruments on the table indicate interests in mathematics, as there seems to be some stop object with numbers and angles maybe referring to geometry. Also on the table there is a mandolin signifying that not barely are these two just purely scholars, but lively entertaining people or culturally diverse people.Another object on the table has to be the open books, which seem to be journals or diaries of some sort because of how there is a feather pen marking a spot in one. On the table there is a mantle but to me it looks more than just a decorative pattern for protection of a table but a tapestry of some sort. Above and privy the men and the table is a green patterned curtain. The drapery on the curtain causes your eyes to hunt down downward upon to the men and the table. The man on the right is dressed in black robes, clothing of a clergyman with a pair of gloves in his hand.If the clothes arent enough, he also has the white soupcon that all Catholic members of the church wear. The lighting in this painting is coming from the left as you can tell from how the landowners face seems to be more brightly lit than the clergymans. also you can tell by how on the clergymans side the painting gets gradually darker. One important thing about this painting is also the face of the gentlemen. In a way it seems as if two different artists of different caliber painted the faces. The landowners face looks loquent and beautiful, while the clergymans face looks simple and without much enthusiasm.The biggest concept of this depict has to be the grayish line of some sort raceway through the ground. This object is an anamorphic image and the most interesting part of this painting. An anamorphic image is a distorted image that is only viewable from a certain angle or through a mirror. When looking at the painting from a lower angle and tilting your head towards the left you see an image of a skull. This skull is a symbol that can mean two different things.One is the study of sciences of the tender body as there is no evidence of studying the human body is shown on the table that is supposed to represent education. The skull shows that the ponderings of the science of the human body bring these two men together. Another interpretation for the symbol of the skull is to remind the viewer that even with all these great advancements and breakthroughs that man is still mortal and ultimately one will die. The theme at first that I got was that men of the renaissance were greatly implicated in the fine arts and education.Once looking at the painting more in perspicacity and various times I see that that is just scratching the surface. The theme for this painting is how even though the Church and Landowners/nobility and wealthy were of such different social classes and distinctions, and even though they had many differences, they were brought together by their thirst for knowledge about everything they could imagine of. This theme comes through how the two men are leaning on the table full of symbols of education and higher learning showing their interests in it.

Cantaberry Tales Compare To Inferno Essay

Canterbury Tales Comp atomic number 18d to Dantes Inferno This study will explore the themes of innocence and wickedness in the Hell section from Dantes Divine Comedy and Chaucers Canterbury Tales. The study will boil down on the enforces each author makes of urban and more immanent settings to convey messages ab come out innocence and guilt. magical spell both Dante and Chaucer make habit of this motif in making their thematic points, a great inconsistency exists between them. Chaucers primary purpose is to present a humorous and compassionate portrayal of valets existence including innocence and guilt, or goodness and evil while Dantes essential purpose is clean-living and instructional.Chaucer uses urban and country references in his portrayal of the tender-hearted condition as a agent of draw a line of credit between the goodness and evil of humankind. Again, we must keep in mind that Chaucer uses setting to reveal truths about humanity from an empathic perspective . He does not want to examine, but to entertain and mayhap inspire compassion for self and others as flawed beings. Therefore, when he uses natural or urban settings, he is not saying that human beings ar good when they are in Canterbury, and evil when they are out in the countryside.At the same metre, that is precisely the apparent truth of the study. As Chaucer paints the picture of human passion and passion, on that point is an intimate connection between that passion (which seat headliner to a expiry of innocence) and a natural setting When April with his understanders sweet with fruit The drought of March has pierced unto the root And bathed each venous blood vessel with liquor that has power To generate therein and sire the flower When Zephyr also has, with his sweet breath, Quickened again, in either holt and heath, The tender shoots and buds . . .And many little birds make melody . . .(So spirit pricks them on to ramp and rage) indeed do folk long to go on pilg rimage . . .To Canterbury, full of devout homage (Chaucer 159).The sporty suggestion by Chaucer here is that there is something very sweet but potentially very debasing about nature, while the urban center ofCanterbury offers relief from the guilt and sinfulness which nature engenders in the weakness of human flesh. At the same time, Chaucer knows that the apparent differences in the bearing of human beings in the urban center, or in a sacred environment, and in the natural setting where passions are free to work their wiles, as they will, are indeed only apparent differences. The nature of humanity, as perceived and portrayed by Chaucer, is a soundly corrupted one. However, unlike Dante, Chaucer does not have much to say in judgment of humanity for that rotting. Chaucer accepts the sinfulness, selfishness and loss of innocence of humanity as an integral subroutine of the history and development of the race. In other words, plenty may agree to behave righteously when they a re in the holy city, but once they are free again to behave as they will, they will quickly be consumed by their personal passions.Nature is also shown in Dante to be full of powerful and dark forces, which can tempt a human being off the path of righteousness. Dante writes that Mid modality upon the journey of our life I found myself in a dark wood, where the right way was lost. Ah How hard a thing it is to tell what this wild and rough and tight wood was, which in thought renews my fear So bitter is it that death is little more (Dante 1).The city or the path of the true way is symbolized by the high hill, in crease to the dark wood of the life of the passions and senses But after I had reached the foot of a hill, where that valley ended which had pierced my breast with fear, I looked upward, and saw its shoulders clothed already with the rays of the sun, which leads man aright along every path (Dante 1).hither we see the light of goodness contrasted with the darkness of sin o r temptation away from the state of innocence. It is no coincidence that the phrases city of lights or city upon a hill are meant to stand in contrast to the darkness of the natural environment, a darkness which can bewilder human beings and lead them to take part in behavior which Dante clearly believes is both self-destructive and destructive to others. Dantes depiction of Hell is not meant to entertain but to change the behavior ofhis readers so that they will choose behavior which will lead them to the city of Heaven, rather than behavior which will lead to the dark wood and, eventually, damnation A ship is there below, stretching as far from Beelzebub as his tomb extends. . . . My Leader and I entered by that hidden road, to return into the bright world and . . . we mounted up . . . so far that a rotary opening I saw some of the beautiful things which Heaven bears, and thence we issued for again to see the stars (Dante 52).In Dante, we read of the wicked city which represents hell (22), but it would be fair to say that human beings in Dantes conception are subject to temptation, sin, guilt and the loss of innocence wherever they are on earthin the city or in the country. Heaven is the only locale which offers human beings break of serve from such corruption.In Chaucer, we find little of the kind of solemn judgment offered by Dante at every turn. For example, Chaucer writes of a friara religious manwho was a wanton and a merry, A limiter, a very festive man (Chaucer 162). His ribaldry is not affected by whether he is in a town or in the countrysidehe is always willing to have a good time In towns he knew the taverns, every one,/ And every good host and each barmaid too (Chaucer 163).Despite the event that Canterbury is seen as the goal of the pilgrimage and can therefore be said to be a city symbolizing goodness and innocence, or restoration of innocence through religious activity, this in no way suggests that Chaucer sees the city as the repository of goodness and nature as the repository of evil. Instead, Chaucer sees human nature as the abiding force at work in shaping the behavior of human beings. A human being can be good or evil in the city, just as he can be good or evil in a natural environment. The Clerk, for example, is shown to be a miserable creature, although he is full of the education and philosophy and sophistication, which the city of Oxford offers (Chaucer 164).Again, the basic difference between Dante and Chaucer cannot be deciphered merely by heightening on the uses of urban and country settings in their works.The differences in the authors uses of settings do not shed essential light on the two texts without our awareness first that Dante means to judge and warn and Chaucer means to celebrate and understand.To Dante, all settingsurban or countrystand full of temptations which can deliver human beings into the pits of Hell. The fact that Hell is portrayed in urban terms merely means that there is much organiz ation in Hell, rather than perhaps the chaos we might presume. Dante by use of the city as the setting for Hell means also to mastermind it in stark contrast to the glorious city of Heaven.Dante wants to show that Hell is an essential part of the intricately organized and ordered machinery of the universe, and his use of the urban environment gives this sense of order and organization far more readily that would a natural setting. We must keep in mind the purpose behind this manipulation of settingDante wants to affect the behavior of his readers and he means to do so by warning them that a very carefully knowing Hellas carefully designed as a cityawaits them if they stray from the path of goodness.Chaucer, on the other hand, aims to portray humanity in all its passion and waywardness, with a sense of acceptance and jubilancy rather than condemnation or warning. Chaucer gives the reader the clear sense thatwhether in the country or in the city, whether in the midst of sin or the middle of innocencethe author is one with the reader. It does not matter whether the action is taking place in the city or the country in Chaucers talesthere is a sense of empathy bonding the author, the characters and the reader. Even when Chaucer enters into a lengthy treatise on the different sins and their remedies, the reader has the look that he is not the kind of strict judge of humanity which Dante is or would like to be.The uses of setting in the two works is not particularly crucial to an understanding of the books overall, but such a focus can help us understand certain elements of the works, such as the organization of the city whichallows Dante to show that hell is an integral part of the universe created by God and not merely an imaginary place of punishment. In addition, such a perspective is useful in showing the apparent contrast in Chaucer between the city of Canterbury and its promise of absolution from sin, and the natural environment which leads to the free exp ression of the passions of human beings which in turn lead to the commission of those very sins.The city or country cannot be seen as symbolic of guilt or innocence in Chaucer, simply because Chaucer believes human nature to be susceptible to corruption in any environment. At the same time, whereas Dante judges humanity for its corruption, Chaucer tends to forgive and seeks ways to ease the suffering of guilt and sin.Works CitedChaucer, Geoffrey. Troilus and Cressida and The Canterbury Tales. Chicago Encyclopaedia Britannica, 1987.Dante. Divine Comedy. Chicago Encyclopaedia Britannica, 1987.

Earth Layers Research Paper

How do scientists whop what is in the center of the orb? How can we know what the centerfield of the earth is made of, if scientists cook never studied any materials from a depth below 7. 5 miles? hide is approximately 4. 6 billion years old, and over this time period, many things have changed inside and out. The formation of our planet is quite a amazing. Earth consists of multiple seams. The three most distinct or main layers are the means, mantle and pertness. The home(a) portion is the core, in the middle is the mantle, and the outside is the crust.Over the course of this paper, the art object and formation of these layers will be described more specifically. According to Earth An Introduction to Physical Geology, The inner core did not pull through early in earths history, when our planet was hotter. However, as the Earth cooled, iron began to crystalize at the center to form the solid inner core and even today the inner core continues to conjure as the planet cool s. The idea is that the core is composed of an iron-nickel alloy with traces of oxygen, silicon, and sulfur. The average density of this iron privileged substance is fourteen times the density of water.The core is split into two separate regions, inner and outer(a) core. The inner core is spherical and has a radius of 750 miles. The iron located indoors the inner core is solid, despite the high temperature this is because of the mighty pressures in the middle of earth. The outer core is about 1400 miles thick and is a layer of liquid. Earths magnetic field is the cause of the movement of metallic iron within this eye socket. The mantle contains eighty two percent of the volume of Earth. It is described as a rocky, solid chew out that goes 1800 miles deep. The mantle consists of an top(prenominal) and lower section.From the edge of the crust to about four hundred miles deep is considered the upper mantle. The upper mantle is divided into three separate servings. The geo arena forms the rigid outer shell of Earth, do it the upper most part. In some areas below continents it can be more than 250 kilometers thick. Below the litho empyrean lies the as consequentlyosphere, which is a soft and weak layer. The top part of this layer has a temperature that causes some melting, which causes the lithosphere to divert from the layer and move independently. The upper part of the asthenosphere is near its melting point which makes it so weak.Below the asthenosphere, raven about 660 kilometers deep is the section of the mantle cognise as the transition zone. The lower mantle is the largest part of the mantle. It lies at a depth of 660 kilometers down to 2900 kilometers. Increased pressure causes the mantle to strengthen as it becomes deeper. in that location is a layer between the lowest part of the rocky mantle and the hot outer core known as the Dee double prime. The face or rocky outer skin of the earth is known as the crust. The major features of the crust i nclude the difference between the continental crust and naval crust. ocean crust is composed of basalt, a dark igneous rock, and is roughly quint miles thick. Continental crust consists of many rock types, unlike oceanic crust. The thickness of continental crust averages about twenty five miles, but can be up to forty miles thick in some mountainous areas. Oceanic crust is denser because of the basalt in it. All the layers that make up the solid Earth are considered the geosphere. Above this sphere is called the biosphere. The biosphere includes all forms of life on our planet. The hydrosphere is a mass amount of water that is constantly on the move.From the oceans, it evaporates to the airwave, precipitates to the land, and then runs back to the ocean. About seventy percent of the planets surface consists of global ocean. The final sphere of Earth is the atmosphere and without it life here would not exist. The atmosphere is divided into five layers. The troposphere is the layer of the atmosphere closest to Earth. This layer starts at the surface of Earth and extends outward about ten miles. It is in this area that weather occurs. Roughly eighty percent of the atmosphere is located in the troposphere.The stratosphere is the layer above the troposphere. This layer extends thirty miles above the planets surface. The temperature of this layer does rise, however it still remains below freezing. The close layer is the mesosphere, and rises about forty to fifty miles above the surface of Earth. The air is very thin in this layer and can reach temperatures as low as -184 degrees Fahrenheit. This layer is considered the middle atmosphere along with the troposphere. The thermosphere extends several hundred miles above the surface. The temperature of this layer can rise up to 2000 degrees Celsius.The thermosphere is considered the upper atmosphere. The top of the thermosphere is known as the exosphere. The exosphere rises 6200 miles above the Earth. This layer is ca lled the outermost layer of Earths atmosphere. So how do we know what we know? Geologists have discovered a lot about the core of our planet by expression at Earths magnetic field and measuring seismic waves as they pass through the earth. Changes in these waves are studied, and Geologists are able to draw up conclusions about the Earths density and what it must aspect like inside.Rocks that originated in the mantle, and were collected at Earths surface have provided evidence that supports the composition of our planets interior. Meteorites also provide important clues for the composition of the core and mantle. These meteorites are important because they show samples of planetesimals, the material from which Earth and the inner planets were formed. Advances in technology have provided studies that support composition and density of the layers of Earth, such as the asylum of seismic wave studies that indicate what we know of the Earths layers today.Bibliography wwkidsgeo.com/geol ogy en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inner_core Earth An Introduction to Physical Geology. Tenth edition. Tarbuck Lutgens and Tasa geography.about.com/od/physicalgeography/p/layeratmosphere.htm en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Layers_of_the_atmosphere

Company’s Marketing Strategy

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Defining Law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Defining Law - Essay ExampleUndoubtedly, to be of use, most regulates or systems of rules overtop a method of enforcement, whether the method be remedial in nature, such as a civil judgment, or a penal sanction imposed in a criminal matter. John Austin, a counsellor of the social fact thesis of wakeless positivism, contends that the primary distinguishing feature of a effectual system is whether its rules underside be enforced (1995). Austin argues that a rule of justice in society is legally reasoned if and only if that rule is commanded by the societys sovereign and is backed up with the threat of sanction, or enforcement (1995). As such, it is Austins beat that the essential element of a law is whether someone has the ability to sanction its noncompliance.Austins slope seems tenable. Indeed, without enforcement, laws have no effect. To ensure compliance, and in the absence of any moral obligation to obey a law, an absence which we mustiness presume, a law must impose a consequence for a violation. Even the rules that govern the practical application of law, such as rules of procedure, require some sort of sanction for a breach. A prominent philosopher of law, H.L.A. Hart, has suggested that Austins position on enforcement is clear when applied to those laws that restrict our behavior, but is inapplicable to the set of rules that grant us the indicant to create rights and obligations, such as contracts and wills (1994). Even those rules, however, are enforced through sanction, to wit, the threat of litigation and the hatchway of voiding, for example, a created document should it contain a flaw.And the essence of such litigation, indeed the very root of its existence, is that law is subject to interpretation. Ronald Dworkin, a pillar of modern legal philosophy, believes that adjudication is and should be interpretive (1982). According to Dworkin, judges should come out to the political structure of their community when deciding hard cases by, fi rst, ensuring that their interpretation is in accordance with the communitys existing legal practices, and, second, that the interpretation is presented in the best moral light (1982). As such, Dworkin posits that a law is specifically characterized by its language, the facts to which the law must be applied, and the best moral application of that law given the social practices of a particular community.The idea that law is a set of rules subject to interpretation was also recognized by the legal realist movement. Inspired by John Chipman Gray and Oliver Wendall Holmes, and reaching its analytical peak in the twenties and 1930s, legal realism contradicted legal formalism by asserting that judicial decision making is guide far more frequently by the political and moral insights of the judge rather than by legal rules (Himma, 2006). Legal formalism embraced the concept that a judges decision, or holding, would always logically follow from the legal rule being applied to a particular set of facts, leaving little or no means for interpretation (Himma, 2006). The realist model asserts the opposite extreme, claiming that (1) any matters worth litigating are thereby divisive enough to require interpretation of the applicable rules, (2) judges make new law in exercising discretion when deciding legal disputes, and (3) when deciding

Effect of Skill Gaps in the telecommunications Industry Essay

Effect of readiness Gaps in the telecommunications Industry - shew ExampleThe major structural change at bottom the telecommunication exertion is the globalization of the application. Moreover, the telecommunication industry has been liberalized at heart the world economies. Nonetheless, the adoption and application of innovative technologies has been impacted largely by the changes in attainment require which are aimed at filling the achievement gaps which emanate from the application of advanced technology within the industry. This essay gives a critical analysis and discussion of how the achievement gaps and needs in additional to structural changes within the telecommunication industry have impacted on the labor needs within the industry. Skill gaps within the telecommunication industry have developed as a result of the changes in the industry operations and processes. Sumit (2008, p. 587) elaborates that these changes emanate from the application of modern technologi es within the telecommunication industry which is aimed at adapting to the changing melody environment and remaining competitive. Diana (2011, p. 93) asserts that the skill gaps which develop within the telecommunications businesses have led to the reduced productivity. ... According to Keefe (2009, p. 43), the skill gaps within telecommunication industry have led to the increased need for training staff. The vigilance and employees are handy on the application of advanced technology in the provision of telecommunication products and services to the customers. For specimen the use of telecommunication software applications which are adopted by the telecommunication companies leads to the increased need for training. female horse (2011) reveals that effective management of the telecommunication companies includes meeting the training needs of employees and the management so that the skill gaps and needs is met within the various functional areas. Skills are acquired through prop er training of employees. Managers would also be trained in order to be able to apply the management information systems effectively in the management of telecommunication business processes. Diana (2011, p. 103) adds that managers are also trained in the use or application of the end support systems in decision making on the various aspects of telecommunication business. Batt, Colvin & Keefe (2002, p. 587) point out that the skill gaps within the telecommunication companies have caused their management to adopt employee termination programs to pave way for the employment of competent labor. This is usually the case when the anticipated costs of training are beyond the budgetary allocation for employee training. The dismission of company employees has led to the reduced morale and motivation among the work force. Additionally, the ability of skilled employees to adapt to the changes within the labor force of an organization determines the achievement of objectives. Keefe (2009, p . 47) exemplifies that many telecommunication

Islamic Law and its Hearings and Trials Assignment

Islamic justice and its Hearings and Trials - Assignment ExampleBasic principles of sharia are to see the will of God done on earth and the will is meant to bring about compassion, kindness, generosity, justice, fair play, tolerance and care in general. The basic principles of Sharia Law include the reform to the protection of life, the right to the protection of the family, the right to the protection of education and the right to the protection of religion. Moreover, the principles include the right to the protection of property and the right to the protection of human dignity (Janin and Andre 30-41 77). quasi-religious legality operates slightly different from the blase law because the sacred law only applies to members of a special religion, for instance, Islamic religion. However, secular law is superior to the sacred law and is applicable to a wider geographical role and on different people regardless of their religion. Moreover, a sacred law is only enforceable by the people belonging to a particular religion who may handle both civil and wretched cases of a particular religion. Most of the laws are created based on specific religious principles. Sharia Law, for example, is created as per Prophet Mohammeds teachings and the Quran. The sacred law must always be consistent with the superior secular law. Secular law is made by the judges or created by the legislators and are found in every country worldwide. The judges or makers of the secular law only requires formal education and must not always belong to a certain group of religion. Because the society changes, laws also change to excogitate the values of the people it governs. It is apparent that peoples values and ways of life change and the law is required to accommodate such kind of changes.The attitudes and values of should be democratically reflected in the law. However, some laws do not change because they always remain relevant to the societys way of life and values.